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The most common manifestation of GERD is heartburn. Other GERD symptoms are regurgitation of gastric contents into the mouth, chest pain and difficulty swallowing. Heartburn, is an uncomfortable rising, burning sensation behind the breastbone. Regurgitation is the feeling of acid backing up in the throat. Up to half of GERD patients have dyspepsia, a syndrome that consists of the following: pain and discomfort in the upper abdomen, a feeling of fullness in the stomach, and nausea after eating. Some GERD sufferers experience pulmonary manifestations, such as asthma, coughing, wheezing and vocal cord inflammation, which causes hoarseness. The refluxed stomach acid can cause damage the lining of the esophagus, which in turn can cause pain. Hiccups and sore throat are also GERD symptoms. The constant presence of refluxed acid in the esophagus can lead to conditions such as Barrett’s esophagus, erosive esophagitis, esophageal strictures, and even esophageal cancer. GERD can affect anyone from babies to adults. Pregnancy can increase the risk of developing GERD in the expectant mother. Lifestyle changes can often reduce GERD symptoms. These include dietary changes, modification of certain lifestyle habits, and how we sleep at night.